The Effects of Antiplatelet Agents in the Prevention of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias during Acute Myocardial Ischemia in Rats

Abstract

Experiments were performed in rat models to study the effectiveness of various antiplatelet agents in the prevention of ventricular tachyarrhythmias during acute myocardial ischemia. The time to the onset of ST-segment elevation and initiating ventricular arrhythmias, frequency and incidence of ventricular arrhythmias, and mortality rates were observed during acute myocardial ischemia (20 minutes) induced by ligation of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in anesthetized rats. Four groups were studied: Control group (n=10, not pretreated); Aspirin pretreated group (n=10, 300 mg/kg po for 1 wk); Ticlopidine pretreated group (n=10, 200 mg/kg po for 1 wk); and Abciximab (Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist) pretreated group (n=10, 2 mg/kg iv 10-20 minutes before an experiment). No significant difference was observed in the time to the onset of ST-segment elevation and ventricular arrhythmias between the groups. The incidence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in the abciximab group was significantly lower than in the control group (p<0.05) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the aspirin and ticlopidine group was significantly lower than in the control group (p<0.05). The mortality rate in the ticlopidine group was significantly lower than in the control group (p<0.01). This study suggests aspirin, ticlopidine, and abciximab can effectively prevent VT or VF during acute myocardial ischemia induced by nonthrombotic occlusion and its antiarrhythmic effect may lead to prolonged survival.