A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study of Autologous Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) in Combination with HA and Beta-TCP or HA and Beta-TCP Alone for Treatment of Furcation Defects

Abstract

An increased knowledge of specific cellular response and function has led to the development of numerous treatment modalities based on the utilization of growth factors. The present controlled clinical study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of autologous platelet rich fibrin (PRF) in combination with HA and beta-TCP in treatment of human class II furcation defects and to compare it with HA and beta-TCP alone. A total of 24 interproximal defects in 24 chronic periodontitis patients were included in the study. The test group was treated by an open flap debridement in combination with autologous platelet rich fibrin (PRF) in combination with hydroxyapatite beta tricalcium phosphate, while the control group was treated by an open flap debridement (OFD) along with hydroxyapatite and beta tricalcium phosphate. At 12 months, both the test and control groups showed significant mean PPD reduction and CAL gain. There was statistically significant (p<0.05) greater probing depth reduction of 1.50 mm for the test group compared to the control. The mean Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) gains of 3.0 ± 0.95 mm was observed in the test group, while the control group displayed mean CAL gains of 2.00 ± 0.85 mm. The observed differences between baseline CAL and 12 months CAL were found to be statistically significant in both the groups (p<0.05). The mean CAL gain observed in the test group was significantly greater than the control group. Horizontal probing depth were significantly reduced in test group (3.33 ± 0.83 mm) compared to control group (1.75 ± 1.21 mm). Frequency analysis of furcation changes revealed complete furcation closure in 50% sites in test groups than control group which showed only 16.66% sites of complete resolution of furcation defects. The treatment with PRF in combination with HA and β-TCP group resulted in a significantly higher CAL gain, PPD and HPD reduction in comparison with hydroxyapatite and beta tricalcium phosphate.