Esthetic Effects of Immediate Implantation and Restoration after Minimally Invasive Tooth Extraction on Maxillary Central Incisors

Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the esthetic effects of immediate implantation and restoration after minimally invasive tooth extraction on maxillary central incisors, and the influence on the reconstruction of labial bone lamella. From January 2014 to September 2018, 108 patients who underwent minimally invasive tooth extraction, implantation and restoration due to residual crown of a single maxillary central incisor in our hospital were divided into three groups according to different treatment methods. Group A (n=41) received delayed implantation and immediate restoration, group B (n=32) underwent immediate implantation and delayed restoration, and group C (n=35) was subjected to immediate implantation and restoration. On the day of restoration and 1 year later, the esthetic effects were assessed by using white esthetic index and pink esthetic index (PES). One year after restoration, the degree of satisfaction was evaluated with the visual analog scale. The implantation success rate and 1-year retention rate of the three groups all reached 100.00%. On the day of restoration and 1 year later, the PES values of groups A, B, and C followed an ascending order, with significant intergroup differences (P<0.05). The values of the three groups 1 year after restoration were significantly higher than those on the day of restoration (P<0.05). Group C was significantly more satisfactory about the overall esthetics, height of attachment and chewing function than groups A and B (P<0.05). Immediate implantation and restoration after minimally invasive tooth extraction can significantly promote the early induction of gingival reshaping, improve the esthetics of soft tissue around the implant, and augment patients’ satisfaction.