Study of serum staphylococcal enterotoxin-specific IgE in patients with sinusitis

Abstract

It has been suggested that staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) may be involved in type 2 inflammation such as eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis via innate lymphoid cells. In this study, the clinical features of a total of 78 patients with sinusitis who visited our department between March 2018 and January 2021 and underwent serum SE-specific IgE testing, were investigated. The present study investigated the serum SE-specific IgE positive rate, and compared peripheral blood eosinophil count, total IgE, ImmunoCAP of various antigens, and JESREC score in the SE-specific IgE positive and the SE-specific IgE negative groups.

As a result, serum SE-specific IgE showed a positive rate of 14.1% (11/78 cases) overall, of which the SE-specific IgE positive rate of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis was 26.8% (9/41 cases), which was significantly higher than the SE-specific IgE positive rate of non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis of 5.4% (2/37 cases). In the SE-specific IgE positive group, JESREC score was significantly higher, and the peripheral blood eosinophil count and total IgE also tended to be higher. Furthermore, the SE-specific IgE positive group tended to have higher complications of eosinophilic otitis media.

These results are consistent with the idea that serum SE-specific IgE reflects the pathophysiology of type 2 inflammation in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and is involved in its pathology.