Myeloid sarcoma with cervical lymphadenopathy as the initial findings：A case report

Abstract

We experienced one case of myeloid sarcoma with bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy as the initial findings. The patient was a 51-year-old woman. During an investigation for lymphadenopathy, Philadelphia chromosome-positive mixed-phenotype acute leukemia was detected. Although chemotherapy based on JALSG ALL 202 and peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation were performed, she died after 1.5 years after the start of sequential treatment due to liver abscess and septic shock-induced acute graft-versus-host disease after transplantation. Acute myeloid leukemia often accompanies myeloid sarcoma. Because the initial symptom in many cases is cervical lymphadenopathy alone, it is difficult to diagnose by a normal cytologic diagnosis or based on pathological findings. As a result, many patients experience unfortunate outcomes, such as mental retardation, an inaccurate diagnosis, or an inadequate diagnosis. It is very important to identify and diagnose this entity as early as possible because of its poor prognosis.