Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Maxillary Sinusitis Caused by Dental Implant Migration into the Maxillary Sinus

Abstract

When a dental implant is displaced into the maxillary sinus following dental implant placement and/or maxillary sinus augmentation surgery, the exact procedures for dental implant extraction should be selected based on the pathophysiological condition of the nose and paranasal sinuses.

In the case of displacement of a dental implant alone, endoscopic transnasal extraction of the dental implant using maxillary sinus fenestration (via the middle meatus and/or via inferior meatus) is indicated. When it is accompanied by nasal septal deviation and/or inferior turbinate hypertrophy, endoscopic transnasal septoplasty and/or inferior turbinotomy are also indicated for obtaining working space. When it is accompanied by sinusitis, endoscopic transnasal sinus surgery is also indicated.

Endoscopic sinus surgery is indicated and is the procedure of first choice for the extraction of a displaced dental implant in the maxillary sinus in patients with any pathophysiological conditions of the nose and paranasal sinuses.