Heat Transfer Modeling between the Mold and the Ingot for Convex Concave Ingot Surface

Abstract

In this paper, a heat transfer model between the mold and the ingot with convex and concave surfaces for continuous casting (CC) process of copper and copper alloys is proposed and discussed. Conventionally, during CC process, vibration of the mold leads to ingot with convex and concave surfaces known as oscillation marks. These marks may cause heat resistance between the mold and the ingot. In the model, three areas where heat resistances occurs were considered： (ΔR₁) non–contacting area, (ΔR₂) concave area derived from decrease of thermal conductivity, and (ΔR₃) area where non–effective heat flow exists in solid phase. The heat resistance values were obtained either analytically or by numerical methods for conditions typically observed in the CC process. Quantitative analyses and comparison of heat resistance values indicated that ΔR₃ was the most significant factor and that ΔR₁ and ΔR₂ was negligible. Furthermore, it was found that slight changes in contact condition results in a large change in heat resistance.