Kaizen, Learning, and Quality of Growth: Insights from Experiences of International Cooperation

Abstract

In recent policy debates on growth and development, increasing attention is being paid to the ‘quality' of economic growth. In Asia and the Pacific region, APEC leaders at Yokohama in 2010 agreed on the “APEC Growth Strategy.” This strategy stresses that “the quality of growth” needs to be improved so that it will be more balanced, inclusive, sustainable, innovative, and secure. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) call on member states to promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth and decent work for all. Kaizen can contribute to achieving the kind of growth characterized by these attributes. It normally refers to the Japanese approach towards improving quality and productivity. What distinguishes Kaizen from other approaches is that these goals are attained through its process―one in which learning and inclusiveness are essential. This study begins by providing an analytical perspective and discussion of key issues related to Kaizen (Section 1). Based on this discussion, it then reviews the goals, tools/methods, and process of Kaizen (Section 2). In Section 3, it discusses the relationship between Kaizen and the targets of the SDGs as well as learning, transformation and quality of growth. In Section 4, it analyzes outstanding experiences of some countries that have introduced Kaizen or similar approaches. Finally, it compares these experiences to gather insights on the above-mentioned relationship.