CO₂ Emission Characteristics of Residential Energy Supply Systems in Consideration of the Variation of Personal Pattern of Life

Abstract

Due to the rapid increase of CO₂ emissions in the household sector, many simulations have been conducted for the yearly CO₂ emissions in a house assuming the characteristics of energy supply system. However, there is no standard for the behaviors in the household sector. We focus on the variation of personal pattern of life and estimate load curves of the houses based on the data of average and variance of the behaviors. Then, we simulate the yearly CO₂ emissions for the different regions, energy supply systems, insulation, number of persons per household, and renewable energy. Cogeneration system has more variance between households than between regions. As for the additional solar water heater, there is the effect of large offset for the gas-engine cogeneration following the heat load, and small offset for the fossil fuel of high efficiency of power generation. Utilizing the simulation results for more than 200 households, we make the regression model which explains the yearly CO₂ emissions by the temperature, ratio of total load (electricity/heat), number of person per household, and insulation. It is indicated that cogeneration system helps CO₂ emission reduction for cold region and low insulation houses.