Abstract
In fast catalytic pyrolysis of eucalyptus woody biomass, zeolites mainly enhanced the formation of both oxygenated and non-oxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Notably, H-ZSM-5 with a low Si/Al2 ratio and H-Beta zeolites were highly efficient at catalyzing the formation of non-oxygenated aromatic compounds, while H-ZSM-5 with a high Si/Al2 ratio, H-mordenite, and USY (ultra-stable Y) were moderately efficient at catalyzing the formation of phenolic compounds as well as non-oxygenated aromatics. There seems to be an inverse correlation between yields of non-oxygenated aromatic compounds and those of phenolic compounds. Strong solid acidity favored deoxygenation. Moderate solid acidity favored the formation of phenolic compounds. Micropore structure also affected type and distribution of products. The addition of Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, Ag, Re, or Pt to USY improved the yield of phenol. Ag- or Pt-modification improved the yield of total phenolic compounds (phenol + methylphenols + dimethylphenols).
