Abstract
This paper aims to clarify the evolution process of Lushan as the modern resort from Shanghai since 1885 to 1940. Based on many historical materials both in Shanghai and in Japan, the analysis is conducted, and the followings are found out; 1) Foreign residents in Shanghai concession, were tend to go for the summer, initially to Unzen and Karuizawa in Japan, then to such seaside and/or highland places in China as Pehtaiho, Lushan, Tsingtao, and Mekanshan, of which Rushan resort was the largest. 2) Lushan was first “discovered” as a good summer resort by a Russian marchant and an English missionary. The developing process hereafter can be devided into three stages; foun dation stage (1885-1905), growth and maturity stage by various foreign visitors (1905-1925), and finally transfiguration stage (1925-1940) as “China Summer Capital”. 3) Initial spatial pattern made by Angro-American development had been long maintained. 4) Western visitors spent summer by enjoying sports and sociability, while Chinese spent by enjoying their traditional poem-writing and scenary-appeciation.
