Practices of Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation for Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Diseases by Nurses, Physiotherapists, or Occupational Therapists: a Qualitative Study

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to elucidate the practice of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (HBPR) by nurses, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists in patients with chronic pulmonary disease.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six nurses, six physiotherapists, and three occupational therapists who provided home-visit nursing or rehabilitation services. We describe the characteristics of HBPR users and the components of HBPR. Next, the practice methods of HBPR were described using both qualitative and descriptive methods.

Results: Of the 19 cases discussed as HBPR practices, 18 were in their 70s to 90s, and approximately half (9 cases) required care-need level 3 or above. All cases included activities of daily living training and self-management interventions. The practice methods for HBPR were as follows: [Considering care to realize the user’s desired life from a medium- to long-term perspective]; [Building a mental and physical foundation]; [Practicing breathing techniques and daily activities that match the user’s actual life]; and [Preparing an environment so that pulmonary rehabilitation can be performed outside of visits].

Conclusions: The findings demonstrated the characteristics of users and practices of HBPR.