2020 Volume 34 Issue 2 Pages 211-228
Office discipline referral (ODR) is being used widely in numerous schools in the U.S. as a data-based system for supporting school-wide positive behavior support (SWPBS). Although office discipline referral is a procedure that is generally being implemented at schools throughout the U.S. as a method for managing and supervising problem behavior, it is relatively unknown in Japan. This paper describes office discipline referral as a data-based system that supports the practice of school-wide positive behavior support, as well as decision making based on data that utilize office discipline referral information. Various studies on office discipline referral that are related to school-wide positive behavior support are reviewed, including studies on decision making based on office discipline referral data, on the use of these data as an indicator for measuring effects of school-wide positive behavior support, and on the validity and reliability of office discipline referral data. After reviewing these studies on office discipline referral data, stimulus functions of office discipline referral data in school-wide positive behavior support are analyzed. Last, data-based systems that support school-wide positive behavior support in Japan are discussed.
