Abstract
We reviewed the previous studies on stuttering in Down syndrome（DS）in comparison with those in person with typical development and intellectual disability and discussed future issues for the evidence-based practice. Previous studies on stuttering in DS suggested a higher prevalence, later onset of stuttering, and a less spontaneous recovery rate. Stuttering events of DS were similar to those of typicallyfluent peers. Cluttering may co-occur with stuttering in DS. Few reports on linguistic factors affecting stuttering in DS exist; however, one research suggested that stuttering in DS is associated with language（especially in lexical and phonological）development. The emotional and attitudinal aspects of stuttering varied among people, although some children with DS exhibited anticipatory anxiety and avoidance behaviors. Although indirect approaches are desirable for intervention, the direct approaches need to be judged based on cognitive development and other factors of the person with DS. Based on previous studies on DS and clinical guidelines for incipient stuttering in Japanese, we showed the criteria for applying direct approaches for stuttering in DS. Finally, we discussed the importance of accumulating information concerning stuttering of DS for evidence-based practice.
