Determining the cause of death in occupational chemical exposure cases through forensic autopsy

Abstract

In this study, we examined six cases of occupational deaths that occurred due to chemical exposure. Autopsy findings, histological examinations, and toxicological analyses results were utilized to determine the causes of death and identify issues in occupational health and safety. Autopsy findings in chemical poisoning-related deaths are often nonspecific, making diagnosis challenging. Moreover,causative substances tend to volatilize or degrade postmortem, reducing their detectability. In this study, analytical methods appropriate to the properties of each chemical were employed. The analyses revealed the identity and quantity of chemicals in cardiac blood, urine, and other specimens, revealing their contribution to the cause of death. Furthermore, inadequate use of protective equipment, poor ventilation, and possible underlying mental health conditions were noted as contributing factors. These findings suggest that chemical poisoning-related deaths may be associated with a combination of workplace deficiencies and individual factors. This study highlights the importance of forensic approach in elucidating causes of death, preventing recurrence, improving occupational safety, and ensuring appropriate recognition of work-related accidents.