Successful Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement for Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis 10 Months after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Abstract

An 87-year-old man underwent a transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for severe aortic stenosis. Approximately 8 months later, he was readmitted to our institution because of a cerebral infarction. Viridans Streptococcus was identified from the blood culture, and transesophageal echocardiography revealed a mobile mass on the leaflet. Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) was diagnosed and we initially administered intravenous antibiotic therapy for 4 weeks, after which the patient underwent surgical aortic valve replacement. Herein, we report on the surgical AVR in the patient using a pericardial valve after successful removal of the infected prosthetic valve, and discuss some issues related to this rare complication after TAVI.