Abstract
This study verified that knowledge is reconstructed through awareness (noticing the different ideas of other people) and self-reflection (comparing and examining these differences), and that such knowledge is stable. Third graders performed a pre-test, collaborative session, post-test, and delay-test sequence of tasks. On all the tests, we presented different situations to clarify whether knowledge improvement was due to reconstructed knowledge or to refined preexisting knowledge. In the collaborative session, 2 factors (awareness and self-reflection) were manipulated, resulting in 4 conditions. The results showed that the degree of knowledge improvement was stable even in the situation which required reconstructed knowledge, and that only in the condition whereby the other person's different ideas were presented and there was self-reflection.
