Potential of Collaborative Learning among Multiple Generations to Teach Programming for Lifelong Development

Abstract

Today's rapidly changing society places higher significance on collaborative learning, which integrates one's life experiences through interaction with others and fosters the meaning of life in interpersonal relationships. This research develops a collaborative system involving community senior citizens and college students who participated in programming education for elementary school students (compulsory since 2020) to explore the core concept of a community practice connecting multiple generations through learning. The “DANCE Method” programming workshop was developed using a robot dance programming system and designed based on three components: accepting diversity, utilizing technology, and creating an environment that engages many generations. Focusing on changes in multigenerational relationships through activities, we validated the community formation process and found three factors that support a multigenerational community: (1) a shared altruistic purpose that lets everyone play the role of a teacher, (2) a multilayer project structure that promotes diverse roles, and (3) equal opportunities to use technology.