Efficacy of Online Family Psychoeducation Groups for Eating Disorders

Abstract

Objectives: This study evaluated the psychological impact of a three-session online psychoeducation group designed for families of individuals with eating disorders.

Subjects and Methods: The study included 39 participants who completed a 19-item questionnaire administered before and after the program. These participants were selected from among 52 individuals who attended online psychoeducation groups conducted by Shizuoka Prefectural Support Base Hospital for Eating Disorders between April 2020 and March 2023. The questionnaire was developed based on feedback from in-person family psychoeducation groups and the content of the online sessions. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, with p-values adjusted using the Bonferroni correction.

Results: The comparison of pre- and post-program responses revealed significant improvements in 11 of the 19 questionnaire items. Notably, the participants showed increased knowledge and understanding of eating disorders, enhanced coping skills (including externalization techniques), and reduced psychological distress. Despite reporting a sense of safety and closeness within the group, they did not experience a significant reduction in feelings of isolation.

Discussion: The findings indicate that online family psychoeducation groups are effective, although certain limitations were noted. The lack of reduction in isolation may stem from the unique challenges inherent in online formats, where sustaining relationships after the sessions can be difficult. Additionally, the program may have been limited in its ability to foster cooperation among families. This study also highlighted the importance of encouraging the participation of multiple family members during recruitment. Future research could explore intervention improvements by involving peer supporters who have recovered from eating disorders to deliver more impactful presentations and by providing evidence-based information on the mental health challenges faced by families of individuals with eating disorders. This approach could help them better recognize the need for their own stress management.