Abstract
This paper discusses the pros and cons, effects on productivity and their mechanisms, and other issues related to mixed tree plantations as an alternative to pure tree plantations. Mixed tree plantations provide a broad range of goods and ecosystem services via the diversity of species planted. This diversity provides various habitats and ecological niches and can improve productivity through reduced competition and facilitation. Issues involved in experimental mixed plantations include the spacing and distribution of species and trees. Most previous studies have focused on young plantations. Because management practices need to vary according to the objectives of a mixed tree plantation, many issues need to be resolved for the practical introduction of mixed tree plantations.
