Importance of Capillary Bridge Forces for Multiphase Flows

Abstract

The present review provides a brief introduction to the capillary bridge force, which frequently appears and plays an important role in multiphase flows containing solid bodies. We explain the fundamentals and formulation of the capillary bridge force as well as its importance over other forces such as the van der Waals force and the electrostatic force. Also, we give some examples of the capillary bridge forces that are hardly recognized but appear in the real systems.