Abstract
We present a case of 17-year-old male with myelodysplastic syndrome who died of a sudden cardiorespiratory arrest on the 24th day after an unrelated HLA matched bone marrow transplantation. In autopsy findings, there was hemorrhagic necrosis in the lung, heart, and large vessels due to the direct tissue invasion of mucor. The cause directly leading to death was regarded as left coronal artery embolism caused by the lump of mucor. It is said that a diagnosis of mucormycosis is difficult before a patient's death, regardless of diagnostic progress of fungal infection. In this case, long-term usage of steroid, an iron excess state from frequent blood transfusion, and administration of deferoxamine to remove iron may have become a motive of mucormycosis in addition to primary disease. It is necessary to recognize that mucor readily forms a thrombus/embolus and therefore develops various clinical manifestations.
