Result of Treatment with Acute Nonlymphoblastic Leukemia (ANLL) in Childhood

de novo ANLL in Comparison with Secondary ANLL

Abstract

Twenty one children with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) have been treated with BHAC-AMP regimen and intermediate to high-dose cytarabine, since 1986. Six-year event-free survival (EFS) rates were estimated to be 54%. In 14 children with de novo ANLL, 6-year EFS rates were 71%, whereas the prognosis for secondary ANLL (prior history of myelodysplastic syndrome [MDS], post-treatment with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and Down syndrome) was poor (3-year EFS rates : 21%). In addition, the prognosis of prior history of MDS was remarkably poor, and therefore, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation should be done for this syndrome.