Risk Factors for Cisplatin-Induced Anaphylactic Reactions in Transcatheter Arterial Infusion or Transcatheter Arterial Chemo-Embolization Chemotherapy

Abstract

Cisplatin (CDDP) is a key drug in hepatic arterial infusion therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Anaphylactic symptoms appear sometimes after multiple CDDP infusions. This study is a retrospective analysis of patients exhibiting CDDP-related hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic symptoms, in order to elucidate risk factors. Of the 240 patients who received CDDP infusion therapy at our hospital from April 2009 to March 2014, 16 (6.67%) exhibited allergic reactions; 13 of these patients exhibited anaphylactic symptoms. Factors significantly associated with anaphylactic symptoms were male ratio, cumulative CDDP dose, and number of CDDP administrations. Logistic regression analysis detected the number of administrations as a risk factor for allergic reactions. Allergic reactions occurred after a median of 7 CDDP administrations, a finding consistent with reported values for intravenous administration of CDDP. Finally, we found that more than 20% of patients exhibit allergic reactions after 6 or more CDDP administrations, suggesting the need for caution in the treatment of these patients.