Development of Japanese Version of Eating Disorder Diagnostic Screen-DSM-5 Version and Prevalence Estimation of Eating Disorders in College Students Based on DSM-5

Abstract

Background : The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Screen (EDDS ; Stice et al., 2000) is a widely used self-report questionnaire originally based on DSM. The EDDS can be used to diagnose eating disorders. The purposes of this study were to develop a Japanese version of the EDDS-DSM-5 version and examine the reliability and validity of this screener.

Methods : Japanese college students (N=1006, mean age=19.6±1.4 years, 69% female) answered the Japanese version of the EDDS-DSM-5 version. Sixty-eight participants (mean age=20.0±1.0 years, 63% female) answered the Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26 ; Baba & Tsuboi, 1993) and Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ ; Adachi et al., 1992) in addition to the EDDS.

Results : The Japanese version of the EDDS-DSM-5 version exhibited internal consistency (α=.86) and test-retest reliability (r=.81, p<.001). The EDDS correlated positively with EAT-26 and TFEQ, providing evidence of convergent validity. Estimated prevalence rates were 2.8% for anorexia nervosa, 2.4% for bulimia nervosa, 2.4% for binge eating disorder, 3% for atypical AN, 0.5% for low frequency BN, 0.9% for low frequency BED, 0% for purging disorder, and 2.8% for night eating syndrome.

Conclusion : The Japanese version of the EDDS-DSM-5 version showed good reliability and validity. It may be useful in clinical and research applications.