Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Central Sensitization

Abstract

Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) has previously been referred to as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) ; however, it is currently often referred to as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). The primary symptoms are severe physical and mental fatigue, leading to significant disruption of daily life. These symptoms may also be accompanied by fever. The exact cause and disease mechanisms remain elusive and no definitive treatment has been established. Central sensitization (CS) is defined as the amplification of nerve signals in the central nervous system, leading to hyperalgesia. CS heightens responsiveness to stimuli and impairs central pain control mechanisms, resulting in hyperalgesia, allodynia, depression, and sleep disturbances. This review addresses ME/CFS and CS and discusses their relationship.