Abstract
Cyclosporin A (CyA), a potent immunosuppressive agent, has recently been introduced for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome especially in the patients resistant to steroid. However, the use of cyclosporin A is associated with multiple side effects, nephrotoxity, hypertension and neurotoxity. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is one of the neurotoxities of CyA and the risk factors for developing CyA neurotoxity are following; intensive chemotherapy, irradiation, drug interaction, hypocholesterolemia, hypomagnesaemia, and aluminium overload.
We report a 9-year old boy with nephrotic syndrome developed headache, vomits and convulsions 11 days after CyA administration. FLAIR and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on day 2 showed high signal intensities in the cortical and subcortical regions of right parieto-occipital lobes. Clinical symptoms disappeared in the following days and the MRI on 21 days did not show any abnormal findings. He was diagnosed as PRES, and diastolic hypertension and hypomagnesaemia may have been associated with developing CyA neurotoxity.
