2004 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 121-130
We did a nation-wide survey on patients less than 15 years of age with pediatric chronic end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in Japan for the five years between year 1998 to 2002. The number of patients newly introduced to renal replacement therapy was approximately 60 per year and the incidence rate for five years was 108 (36.5%) at age 0-4 years, 52 (17.6%) at age 5-9 years and 136 (45.9%) at age 10-14 years. The annual incidence rate per million population was lowest in the 0-4 year group, followed by the 5-9 year group, and highest at 10-14 years. However, in year 2002, the incidence rate was higher at 0-4 years than any other age, which should be noted. Male patients had a higher incidence rate than females. The major diseases causing ESRD were renal hypoplasia/dysplasia and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, with a decrease in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. 13 patients received preemptive renal transplants. Of the remaining 280 patients, 250 (89.3%) received peritoneal dialysis and 30 (10.7%) underwent hemodialysis. The renal transplant rate by Kaplan-Meier method was 4.3% during the year the replacement therapy of ERSD had been initiated, 29.8% by two years later and 41.3% by four years later. All transplants were from living related donors with the exception of one patient. The survival rates by Kaplan-Meier method were 98.2% during the year of initiation of replacement therapy of ERSD, and 91.1% by four years later. The major causes of death were cardiovascular diseases and infections.
