Abstract
Hydronephrosis and vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) are fundamental anomalies of urinary tract in small children. Renal deterioration due to hydronephrosis is a condition called obstructive nephropathy. Also the term “reflux nephropathy” describes the renal scarring in the presence of VUR. The advent of prenatal ultrasound in 1980 led to the early detection of hydronephrosis and enthusiasm for prevention of reflux nephropathy increased early radiological investigation in infants with VUR. However, long term outcome of fetal and neonatal hydronephrosis is still uncertain and the role of early detection of VUR after initial urinary tract infection is also uncertain. Herein, a current appropriate management and a review of the literature are discussed.
