2025 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 28-36
Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare form of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that develops after breast implant insertion. The patient was a 60-year-old woman who had undergone breast augmentation with silicone implants 18 years previously and presented to our hospital with right breast swelling for 1 year. Magnetic resonance imaging showed capsular formation, fluid retention, and swollen axillary lymph nodes, suggesting BIA-ALCL. Following the diagnostic flow chart, aspiration biopsy was performed under ultrasound guidance without detecting abnormal cells. We performed total tumorectomy, which included the lymph nodes. The pathological diagnosis was silicone granuloma. The resected breast implant was manufactured by Poly Implant Prothèse (PIP). The patient remains alive 1 year postoperatively without recurrence. This is the first reported case in Japan of silicone granuloma in a patient with PIP breast implants, where BIA-ALCL was suspected. We present this case as well as a review of the literature.
