Distraction with Springs for Craniosynostosis Was Practiced in Japan More than 50 Years Ago

Abstract

 Distraction osteogenesis was introduced in 1998 for the treatment of craniosynostosis. Due to its minimal invasiveness, it became the primary procedure in Japan. Since the late 2000s, its application has expanded worldwide to include posterior cranial expansion. During this period, spring-assisted cranial expansion was reported from Scandinavia. However, a similar technique consisting of groove widening using springs had already been published in Japan approximately 30 years earlier. Herein, we present witness testimonies and historical documents.