The relationship between adolescents' time perspective and the five dimensions of identity development

Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between time perspective and the five Dimensions of Identity Development (DIDS) among adolescents. Based on a dual-cycle model of identity formation, both the time perspective toward the past, present, and future and the time perspective profile were examined using questionnaire responses from 196 undergraduates. Multiple regression results showed that the future time perspective was mainly related to all DIDS; the past time perspective was related to the dimensions of exploration; and the present time perspective was related to the dimensions of commitment making. Cluster analysis revealed a Japanese-specific time perspective profile that was positive toward the future and present but negative toward the past. ANOVA results suggested that adolescents with a perspective profile that was positive toward all times or a profile that was negative toward the past had the most adaptive DIDS. Future studies will need to address the longitudinal relationship between time perspective and each dimensions of identity development.