大きさ判断・lightness判断に及ぼす奥行き要因の効果

多屋 頼典

doi:10.4992/jjpsy.45.57

THE EFFECTS OF DEPTH FACTOR ON THE SIZE AND THE LIGHTNESS JUDGEMENTS

RAITEN TAYA

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1974 Volume 45 Issue 2 Pages 57-67

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.45.57

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Published: June 10, 1974 Received: November 29, 1973 Available on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: July 16, 2010 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : With a concentric-circular pattern, the inner circle as the test field (TF) and the surrounding ring-shaped area as the inducing field (IF), the effect on the inducing effect of visual depth relation between TF and IF were examined.
TF was always midgray and was presented (A) in front of white IF, (B) in front of black IF in Exp. I, (C) behind white IF or (D) behind black IF in Exp. 2. The difference in depth between IF and TF and the size of IF were varied systematically. The amount of over- or under- estimation of size (illusion) and of lightness (contrast) were measured as a function of the size of IF.
Results were as follows: the amount of contrast increased in Condition (B) and decreased in Condition (C) with an increase in the depth between TF and IF, while no change was observed in Condition (A) and (D). The amount of illusion decreased in Condition (B), and tended to increase (although not significantly) in Conditon (C), while no change was observed in Condition (D). In Condition (A), a strange decrease was shown unexpectedly.
With an increase in the depth between TF and IF, the amount of illusion should decrease according to Morinaga's assimilation-contrast hypothesis concerning the size judgement, and the amount of contrast should decrease according to Gogel ane Mershon's depth adjacency principle concerning the lightness judgement, irrespective of TF in front IF or of TF behind IF. On the figure-ground hypothesis, however, the amount of illusion should be less and the amount of contrast should be greater in the case of TF in front of IF than in the case of TF behind IF.
It was quite clear that the results obtained on the size jubgement did not support the assimilation-contrast hypothesis and that the results on the lightness judgement did not support the depth adjacency principle, yet neither supported the figure-ground hypothesis, if the figure-ground relation was defined by depth factor only, as done by Coren. If the figure-ground hypothesis were permissibly modified to some other form including depth and lightness factors and regarding Condition (B) as one in which TF was figure and Condition (C) as one in which TF was ground, this modified figurs-ground hypothesis would explain these results to some extent. Since the amount of illusion decreased unexpectedly in Condition (A), further experimental studies were needed.
Right : With a concentric-circular pattern, the innerr circle being the test field (TF) and the surrounding ring-shaped area being the inducing field (IF), the amount of over-or under-estimation of size and lightness of TF were measured. The difference in depth between TF and IF (from 0m to 5m) and the size of IF were varied. TF of midgray was presented either in front of or behind IF. IF was black in one condition and white in the other. The results showed that neither Morinaga's assimilation-contrast hypothesis nor Gogel and Mershon's depth adjacency principle can explain the present findings adequately. The possibility of applying some modified form of Coren's figure-ground hypothesis was discussed.

Abstract

With a concentric-circular pattern, the innerr circle being the test field (TF) and the surrounding ring-shaped area being the inducing field (IF), the amount of over-or under-estimation of size and lightness of TF were measured. The difference in depth between TF and IF (from 0m to 5m) and the size of IF were varied. TF of midgray was presented either in front of or behind IF. IF was black in one condition and white in the other. The results showed that neither Morinaga's assimilation-contrast hypothesis nor Gogel and Mershon's depth adjacency principle can explain the present findings adequately. The possibility of applying some modified form of Coren's figure-ground hypothesis was discussed.

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