図形記憶におよぼす音声象徴言語命名の効果

永江 誠司

doi:10.4992/jjpsy.48.329

EFFECTS OF PHONETIC SYMBOLISM LABELING ON SHAPE RECOGNITION MEMORY

SEIJI NAGAE

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JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

1978 Volume 48 Issue 6 Pages 329-336

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.48.329

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Published: March 20, 1978 Received: April 13, 1977 Available on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010 Accepted: - Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: July 16, 2010 Reason for correction: - Correction: ABSTRACT Details: Wrong : The present study was designed to investigate the effects of phonetic symbolism labeling on the shape recognition memory; in other words, to see if the verbal labeling by phonetic symbols (PS) facilitates the shape recognition more than that of nonsense syllables (NS), and to check if PS aids the shape recognition memory more than NS.
The subjects were 72 undergraduate student volunteers. They were divided into nine groups of eight each, and each group was assigned randomly to each condition of the experiment. Under the PS condition, the subjects were required to learn to associate the verbal label of phonetic symbolism to each of four line-drawn shapes. Under the NS condition, the subjects were required to learn to associate the nonsense syllable to each of the four shapes. Under the observation condition, the subjects were only asked to see the shapes without verbal labels. After three different delay periods (immediately afterwards, 15min later, a week later), the subjects were given a shape recognition test, and both free and aided recall tests to measure the retention of the associated verbal labels. The recognition test consisted of presentation, in a random order, of 32 shapes, 16 of which were identical to the shapes seen before in the pre-differentiation training and 16 of which were filler shapes. The subjects were required to make a judgment on the prototype figures affirmatively or negatively.
The results showed as follows: (1) The subjects trained under the PS condition performed better than those trained under the NS condition at shape recognition, (2) though both the performances at shape recognition and those at verbal label recall deteriorated with the delays employed, the patterns of performance-decrease were different between them, and (3) as for the shape recognition after the delays, while the performances in the PS condition deteriorated slowly, those in the NS condition did so more rapidly.
These results were interpreted as showing the role of verbal labels more important as a relevant conceptual cue than as a mere cue. This interpretation is not along the line of the hypothesis of the acquired distinctiveness of cues. Furthermore, it was noticed that the relevant conceptual cue helps the shape recognition memory through the delay periods. These interpretations were discussed in relation to the conceptual coding hypothesis.
Right : The temporal course of shape recognition was measured after the subjects were trained to associate the shapes either with verbal labels of phonetic symbolism or to nonsense syllables, or else just to observe them. Either immediately or after delays of 15min or a week, the subjects were given a shape recognition test and both free and aided recall tests for retention of associated verbal labels. Results were: (a) The recognition in the condition of phonetic symbolism labeling was performed better by subjects than in that of nonsense syllable. (b) Though both shape recognition and label recall decreased according to the lengths of delays employed, their decrease patterns were different. These results were interpreted in terms of the conceptual coding hypothesis.

Abstract

The temporal course of shape recognition was measured after the subjects were trained to associate the shapes either with verbal labels of phonetic symbolism or to nonsense syllables, or else just to observe them. Either immediately or after delays of 15min or a week, the subjects were given a shape recognition test and both free and aided recall tests for retention of associated verbal labels. Results were: (a) The recognition in the condition of phonetic symbolism labeling was performed better by subjects than in that of nonsense syllable. (b) Though both shape recognition and label recall decreased according to the lengths of delays employed, their decrease patterns were different. These results were interpreted in terms of the conceptual coding hypothesis.

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