乳児を持つ母親における mind-mindedness 測定方法の開発 母子相互作用との関連を含めて

篠原 郁子

doi:10.4992/jjpsy.77.244

The measurement of maternal mind-mindedness

Its relation to mother-infant interaction in natural settings

Ikuko Shinohara

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Keywords: mind-mindedness, individual differences, measurement, mother-infant interactions, mind-related comments

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

2006 Volume 77 Issue 3 Pages 244-252

DOI https://doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.77.244

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Published: August 25, 2006 Received: June 28, 2005 Available on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010 Accepted: January 14, 2006 Advance online publication: - Revised: -
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Date of correction: July 16, 2010 Reason for correction: - Correction: CITATION Details: Wrong : Correspondence concerning this article should be sent to: Ikuko Shinohara. Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University
Adamson, L. B., Bakeman, R., Smith, C. B., & Walters, A. S. (1987). Adults' interpretation of infants' acts. Developmental Psychology, 23, 383-387.
Bartsch, K., & Estes, D. (1996). Individual differences in children's developing theory of mind and implications for metacognition. Learning and Individual Differences, 8, 281-304.
Brown, J. R., & Dunn, J. (1991). You can cry mam: The social and developmental implications of talk about internal states. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 237-256.
Dunn, J. (2001). Mindreading, emotion understanding, and relationships. In M. Bennett (Ed.), Developmental psychology: Achievement and prospects. New York: Psychology Press. pp. 167-176.
Dunn, J., Brown, J., Slomkowski, C., Tesla, C., & Youngblade, L. (1991). Young children's understanding of other people's feeling and beliefs: Individual differences and their antecedents. Child Development, 62, 1352-1366.
Fernyhough, C. (1996). The dialogical mind: A dialogic approach to the higher mental functions. New Ideas of Psychology, 14, 47-62.
Fonagy, P., Redfern, S., & Charman, A. (1997). The relationship between belief desire reasoning and positive measure of attachment security (SAT). British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 15, 51-61.
Fonagy, P., & Target, M. (1997). Attachment and reflective function: Their role in self-organization. Development and Psychopathology, 9, 679-700.
Jenkins, J., & Astington, J. W. (1996). Cognitive factors and family structure associated with theory of mind development in young children. Developmental Psychology, 32, 70-78.
Kaye, K. (1982). The mental and social life of babies: How parents create persona. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Meins, E. (1997). Security of attachment and the social development of cognition. East Sussex: Psychology Press.
Meins, E., Fernyhough, C., Fradley, E., & Tuckey, M. (2001). Rethinking maternal sensitivity: Mothers' comments on infants' mental processes predict security of attachment at 12 months. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 42, 637-648.
Meins, E., Fernyhough, C., Russell, J., & Clark-Carter, D. (1998). Security of attachment as a predictor of symbolic and mentalising abilities: A longitudinal study. Social Development, 7, 1-24.
Meins, E., Fernyhough, C., Wainwright, R., Clark-Carter, D., DasGupta, M., Fradley, E., & Tuckey, M. (2003). Pathways to understanding mind: Construct validity and predictive validity of maternal mind-mindedness. Child Development, 74, 1194-1211.
Perner, J., Ruffman, T., & Leekam, S. L. (1994). Theory of mind is contagious: You catch it from your sibs. Child Development, 65, 1228-1238.
Repacholi, B., & Slaughter, V. (2003). Individual differences in theory of mind. Implications for typical and atypical development. New York: Psychology Press.
Reznick, J. (1999). Influences on maternal attribution of infant intentionality. In P. D. Zelazo, J. W. Astington & D. R. Olson (Eds.), Developing theories of intention: Social understanding and self-control. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. pp. 243-267.
Symons, D. (2004). Mental state discourse, theory of mind, and the internalization of self-other understanding. Developmental Review, 24, 159-188.
Trevarthen, C. (1979). Communication and corporation in early infancy: A description of primary intersubjectivity. In M. Bullowa (Ed.), Before speech: The beginning of interpersonal communication. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 321-347.
Wellman, H. M., Cross, D., & Watson, J. (2001). Meta-analysis of theory-of-mind development: The truth about false belief. Child Development, 72, 655-684.

Right : Adamson, L. B., Bakeman, R., Smith, C. B., & Walters, A. S. (1987). Adults' interpretation of infants' acts. Developmental Psychology, 23, 383-387.
Bartsch, K., & Estes, D. (1996). Individual differences in children's developing theory of mind and implications for metacognition. Learning and Individual Differences, 8, 281-304.
Brown, J. R., & Dunn, J. (1991). You can cry mam: The social and developmental implications of talk about internal states. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 237-256.
Dunn, J. (2001). Mindreading, emotion understanding, and relationships. In M. Bennett (Ed.), Developmental psychology: Achievement and prospects. New York: Psychology Press. pp. 167-176.
Dunn, J., Brown, J., Slomkowski, C., Tesla, C., & Youngblade, L. (1991). Young children's understanding of other people's feeling and beliefs: Individual differences and their antecedents. Child Development, 62, 1352-1366.
Fernyhough, C. (1996). The dialogical mind: A dialogic approach to the higher mental functions. New Ideas of Psychology, 14, 47-62.
Fonagy, P., Redfern, S., & Charman, A. (1997). The relationship between belief desire reasoning and positive measure of attachment security (SAT). British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 15, 51-61.
Fonagy, P., & Target, M. (1997). Attachment and reflective function: Their role in self-organization. Development and Psychopathology, 9, 679-700.
Jenkins, J., & Astington, J. W. (1996). Cognitive factors and family structure associated with theory of mind development in young children. Developmental Psychology, 32, 70-78.
Kaye, K. (1982). The mental and social life of babies: How parents create persona. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Meins, E. (1997). Security of attachment and the social development of cognition. East Sussex: Psychology Press.
Meins, E., Fernyhough, C., Fradley, E., & Tuckey, M. (2001). Rethinking maternal sensitivity: Mothers' comments on infants' mental processes predict security of attachment at 12 months. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 42, 637-648.
Meins, E., Fernyhough, C., Russell, J., & Clark-Carter, D. (1998). Security of attachment as a predictor of symbolic and mentalising abilities: A longitudinal study. Social Development, 7, 1-24.
Meins, E., Fernyhough, C., Wainwright, R., Clark-Carter, D., DasGupta, M., Fradley, E., & Tuckey, M. (2003). Pathways to understanding mind: Construct validity and predictive validity of maternal mind-mindedness. Child Development, 74, 1194-1211.
Perner, J., Ruffman, T., & Leekam, S. L. (1994). Theory of mind is contagious: You catch it from your sibs. Child Development, 65, 1228-1238.
Repacholi, B., & Slaughter, V. (2003). Individual differences in theory of mind. Implications for typical and atypical development. New York: Psychology Press.
Reznick, J. (1999). Influences on maternal attribution of infant intentionality. In P. D. Zelazo, J. W. Astington & D. R. Olson (Eds.), Developing theories of intention: Social understanding and self-control. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. pp. 243-267.
Symons, D. (2004). Mental state discourse, theory of mind, and the internalization of self-other understanding. Developmental Review, 24, 159-188.
Trevarthen, C. (1979). Communication and corporation in early infancy: A description of primary intersubjectivity. In M. Bullowa (Ed.), Before speech: The beginning of interpersonal communication. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 321-347.
Wellman, H. M., Cross, D., & Watson, J. (2001). Meta-analysis of theory-of-mind development: The truth about false belief. Child Development, 72, 655-684.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to construct an original video-based measurement of maternal mind-mindedness (MM). MM is mother's proclivity to treat her infant as an individual with mind (Meins, 1997). Participants were 38 mothers and their six-month-old infants. The results of assessment suggested that there were large individual differences not only in frequency of maternal mental attributions, but also in the specific contents that mothers read from the filmed infants' behaviors. Moreover, it was revealed that these individual differences in MM were related to mother-infant interaction styles in natural settings, especially maternal comments on infant's internal state and the followings of infant's attention. Finally, the usefulness of this measurement in examining the effect of MM on the child's development of mind understanding was discussed.

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