Diffuse Tracheobronchial Amyloidosis with Airflow Limitation and Repeated Pneumonias

Abstract

A 67-year-old man was first admitted to our hospital complaining of a productive cough, and repeated episodes of pneumonia in different sites. Physical examination revealed expiratory wheezing and airflow limitation wlas documented with lung function tests. A chest X-ray film showed patchy pneumonic infiltrates. Chest computed tomography revealed a marked thickening of the tracheal and bronchial wall with linear calcification. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed a diffuse infiltrative process in the tracheobronchial tree, which uniformly reduced the bronchial lumen. Bronchial biopsy specimens showed amyloid deposits with focal calcification, which was confirmed by Congo red and Dylon staining. Extensive examinations including rectal biopsy were negatie for systemic amyloidosis. We suggest that diffuse tracheobronchial amyloidosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of repeated pulmonary infections with airflow obstruction.