Abstract
A 68-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of severe anemia. She had undergone total colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis when she was 19 years old. She was administered immunosuppressive drugs based on the diagnosis of pure red cell aplasia. Endoscopy revealed a neoplastic lesion at the ileum adjacent to the ileorectal anastomosis, and biopsy showed signet-ring cell carcinoma. We performed partial resection of the ileum, and the postoperative course was uneventful. The occurrence of ileal cancer after proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis is rare. We report a patient with ileal cancer that might have developed because of long-standing inflammation after total colectomy. We recommend regular endoscopic examination of the ileal mucosa after proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis.
