Abstract
The development of perioperative acute renal failure is associated with a high incidence of morbidity and mortality. Although this incidence varies with different surgical procedures and the definition used for renal failure, we have to understand the etiology of the underlying problem. We must also understand better the renal physiology, the cause of postoperative renal dysfunction and the pathophysiology of acute renal failure.
A number of possible strategies aimed at alleviating the development of renal dysfunction have been reported. Although commonly used approaches to prevent acute renal failure have included adequate hydration, mannitol, renal doses of dopamine and loop diuretics, successful strategies for performing adequate volume preload, maintaining oxygen delivery and ensuring the appropriate pharmacotherapy are important for providing renal protection.
