Abstract
To improve postoperative pain management and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) management, anesthesiologists have to collaborate with surgeons, nurses, pharmacists, and physiotherapists. Guidelines based on strong evidences are needed to collaborate, however. There are no well-accepted guidelines for postoperative pain management, so we have to develop these clinical guidelines. On the other hand, well-accepted guidelines for management of PONV have been published. We will work with these guidelines to fit them into Japanese clinical practice.