Abstract
This article discusses the usefulness, inherent problems and limitations of pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC), an invasive monitoring approach, and minimally invasive monitoring.
One should be equipped with the knowledge and techniques necessary for PAC in order to enhance its usefulness. It is necessary not only to accurately select patients in whom PAC is indicated and correct interpretation of information obtained by PAC, but also to ensure safety measures to prevent complications. Noninvasive monitoring should be applied to patients who meet the requirements, with the understanding of the characteristics of such method, and with full recognition of its limitations.
