Abstract
Over the past two decades, cardiac surgery has greatly advanced and cardiac anesthesiology has fully adapted to this progress, which has brought us the contemporary practice of cardiac anesthesia. Improved techniques in anesthesia, surgical methods and cardiopulmonary bypass management have made it possible to free surgical patients from perioperative major complications. Utilizing pulmonary artery catheter and transesophageal echocardiography contributed to our decision making in cardiac anesthesia, but, we need to know about their indications, limitations, and complications when using these devices. The best practical method for anesthesia of the cardiac surgical patient has not yet been well established. The practice of cardiac anesthesia is strongly connected to cardiology, anesthesiology and intensive care, and continues to be very challenging. Thus, further investigations and daily practices for seeking the best standards for cardiac anesthesia are warranted.
