Condyloma acuminatum of the urinary bladder that was diagnosed by urinary cytology―A case report―

Abstract

Background : Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a warty lesion that commonly affects the external genitalia and mucocutaneous junctions. CA of the urinary bladder is rare, and often manifests with symptoms such as hematuria, pollakiuria and enuresis. Herein, we report a case of an asymptomatic patient with CA of the urinary bladder, in whom urinary cytology led to the diagnosis.

Case : A 37-year-old woman suffering from SLE encephalopathy was in the habit of self-catheterizing because of neurogenic bladder dysfunction. She had a previous history of cauterization for CA of the external genitalia. Four years after the cauterization treatment for CA of the external genitalia, urinary cytology revealed atypical cells with koilocytosis. We performed cystoscopy, which revealed white protruding lesions in the urinary bladder, suggestive of CA of the urinary bladder. We treated the condition primarily by resection of the lesions. Since then, there has been no evidence of recurrence of CA of the bladder.

Conclusion : This case suggests that urinary cytology can be a useful non-invasive test for the diagnosis of bladder CA. We propose that periodic urinary cytology might be useful in patients at risk of developing CA of the bladder, such as those who are in an immunocompromised state, practice self-catheterization and/or suffer from genital CA.