Abstract
Background : Endometrioid carcinoma may be accompanied by malignant squamous differentiation. We report a case of endometrioid carcinoma with prominent squamous differentiation in which the diagnosis was made by preoperative endometrial cytology.
Case : A 52-year-old nulliparous postmenopausal woman was referred to our hospital with suspected squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium, and diagnostic endometrial cytology at our hospital revealed numerous squamous cells and a cluster of malignant cells that were suspected as being glandular cells. Hence, endometrioid carcinoma with squamous differentiation was suspected. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor in the uterine body, and multiple lymph node metastases were suspected based on the findings of [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Surgery was performed under the diagnosis of endometrial cancer. Histopathological examination of the resected tumor of the uterine body confirmed the diagnosis of endometrioid carcinoma with squamous differentiation. Multiple lymph node metastases were observed, and the squamous cell carcinoma component had metastasized. The patient showed relapse with multiple lymph node metastases 8 months post-surgery.
Conclusion : We encountered a case of endometrioid carcinoma of the uterine body with squamous differentiation. The patient showed a poor prognosis with metastasis of the squamous cell carcinoma component to the lymph nodes and early recurrence.
