Urinary cytology of human papillomavirus infection: a report of 5 cases

Abstract

Five cases of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection affecting the cytology of the voided urine are reported.
Five male patients (A, B, C, D and E) aged from 73 to 84, average 79.4 years, were admitted for bladder tumor, ileus, liver cirrhosis, prostatic hypertrophy and lumbago after gastrectomy for cancer, respectively.
The smears of urinary sediments revealed characteristic changes in squamous cells: koilocytotic cells, dyskeratocytes and binucleated or multinucleated cells with mild to severe nuclear atypia in all cases.
In one case (A), HPV capsid antigen was demonstrated by immumocytochemistry.
These atypical cells were suspected to have been derived from urethral lesions, based on the following evidenc;(1) the histologic or cytologic examinations of the bladder, ureter and renal pelvis showed neither HPV infectious change nor squamous metaplasia in cases A and B. (2) the smear of case D contained trichomonads, which are commonly found in the male urethra.