Experience of Sexuality and Coping Behaviors in Female Cancer Patients Receiving Pelvic Radiotherapy

Abstract

Aim: To elucidate sexuality-related experiences among women who received radiation therapy to the pelvic area, and their coping behaviors.

Methods: Among nine women, six with cervical cancer and three with anal canal cancer, who received radiation therapy to the pelvic area, we conducted semi-structured interviews on issues regarding sexuality, including changes in their sex life post treatment and coping behaviors. The data were analyzed using a qualitative and inductive approach.

Results: Sexuality-related experiences of the female cancer patients were classified into six categories: suffering from mucous membrane disorder of the vagina, intestine and bladder for several years after treatment not wanting to be seen naked due to changes in the lower body caused by the treatment having no desire for sexual activity due to vaginal pain or bleeding, and awareness of inability to get pregnant, and other two categories. Their coping behaviors to deal with these experiences were classified into five categories: seeking guidance on taking care of the treated area even during treatment to minimize damage from radiation, trying to think that pubic hair removal and darkened skin around the buttocks and abdomen should be accepted, and prioritizing one’s family over one’s physical condition to fulfil one’s role, and other two categories.

Discussion: Pain and suffering caused by adverse events of radiation to the pelvic area influenced the patients’ body image and relationships with surrounding people. Our findings suggested that it is important for nurses to understand patients’ experiences that may not be apparent and establish supportive relationships that encourage patients to express themselves before providing them with appropriate information and self-care assistance according to the onset of adverse events.