A Case of Dental Treatment in a Patient with Partial Trisomy 7p Syndrome

Abstract

Introduction：Partial trisomy 7p syndrome is an autosomal genetic disease caused by an extra chromosome 7. Approximately 50 cases of this syndrome have been reported. The general condition is characterized by serious congenital heart disease, mental retardation and brain malformation, big forehead, telecanthus, and a short stature. We herein report the dental treatment of an adult patient with partial trisomy 7p syndrome.

Case report：The patient was a 24-year-old male, 138 cm tall and 38 kg in weight, with severe mental retardation and epilepsy. He initially visited our hospital for the treatment of dental caries. The oral findings showed a microstomia, a high palate, a maxillary molar with a small radial curvature and an enlarged medullary chamber. After caries treatment, we performed periodontal disease management for six years, but he ultimately lost four teeth.

Discussion：The present patient was mentally retarded, and it was difficult to manage his behavior. In addition, his lips and cheeks were strongly strained, and his family was unable to perform home care. There was crowding of anterior teeth in the microstomia along with morphological problems. In addition, the maxillary molar teeth had a small tooth root curvature. The clinical crown width of maxillary canine teeth, maxillary first premolar teeth, maxillary second premolar teeth, maxillary first molar teeth, mandibular canine teeth and mandibular first molar teeth were smaller than the standard deviation. These findings suggest that oral care should be thoroughly conducted in patients with partial trisomy 7p syndrome to prevent the development of severe periodontal disease.