Abstract
Since the mid-2010s, plastic resource circulation has entered a new phase due to the increase in marine plastics and other factors, with many countries now taking actions to address this issue. In this paper, we compare the responses of two non-EU developed countries, the UK and Japan, from the perspective of EPR (Extended Producer Responsibility). We also discuss the differences and meanings surrounding both of their responses. The research method used classifies the changes seen after the introduction of new policies in both countries, looking into three aspects: physical, financial, and informational. Each of these is then analyzed in four stages: collection, recycling, appropriate treatment, and product design. The results show clear differences between the two countries: The UK has been strengthening producer responsibility through a combination of physical, financial, and informational policy measures. By contrast, Japan has not adopted a financial approach, but focuses on voluntary efforts, with the goal that each actor in the product chain (production, distribution/sales, use, and recycling) will work together to fulfill their respective roles. Future studies are needed to examine the causes behind the different responses between the two, as well as to demonstrate the policy effects.
