Tips for interventions to promote changes in behaviour applicable to nutritional support

Abstract

This paper introduces tips for interventions to support changes in behaviour for people in states of conflict from two points of view: “what to talk about” and “how to talk about it.” Regarding “what to talk about,” it is necessary to understand the context of the behaviour, i.e., why the behaviour is being maintained. The behaviour can be viewed in terms of the three ABCs: antecedents, behaviour, consequences. This sequence of events can then be analysed. By analysing the flow, it becomes possible to predict what is gained by the target behaviour and under what circumstances the behaviour is likely to occur. Such information can then allow discussions of possible innovations that could be made to change the current behaviour or to initiate a new behaviour. Next, to change the behaviour, interventions are required to resolve the state of conflict and to increase motivation to move towards the preferred behaviour. Regarding “how to talk,” rather than giving instructions or advice on solutions in a one-sided manner, it is necessary to deepen one’s understanding of the other person by examining their thoughts and feelings through asking questions such as “What problems do you have?” and “What do you want to do?” This shows empathy and promotes mutual communication, thereby fostering a relationship of trust and eliciting “change talk,” which suggests changes for the better.