Abstract
The deformations of a sphere and a rough plane in contact with a normal load are numerically analyzed with some assumptions: the rough plane has nondirectional asperities whose distribution is Gaussian, the deformations of asperities are full plastic, and the deformation of bulk material is elastic. The analytic results are as follows: 1) The elastic deformation of the bulk material can be expressed by a quadratic equation with sufficient accuracy. 2) As the surface roughness increases, the elastic deformation of the bulk material decreases. But, the total indentation increases because of the asperities deformation. 3) As the surface roughness increases, or the flow pressure of the material decreases, the maximum shear stress in the bulk material decreases. Experimental results of the penetrating tests are shown to verify the validity of the analysis.
