Abstract
In metal cutting, the cutting force consists of static and dynamic components. In earlier works of metal cutting, however, a little attention has been paid to the dynamic component in steady cutting condition. To understand the behavior of the dynamic component in more detail, in this study, the static and dynamic components of cutting forces in turning were measured by a dynamometer of piezoelectric type, and the frequency components of cutting forces were also analyzed. From the measured results, the effects of cutting conditions and work materials on the dynamic components of cutting forces were investigated, when turning the workpieces made of steel, cast iron and brass. As a result, the following conclusions can be obtained. (1) The characteristics of the tool system have a large effect on the dynamic component of cutting forces, though this effect depends considerably on the kinds of the work materials. (2) In all of work materials examined here, the dynamic component of cutting forces is in close relation to a chip formation. (3) The maximum amplitude of the dynamic component of cutting forces is propotional to the cutting area. The ratio between the dynamic and static components is thus almost constant, though the value of ratio itself changes depending on the cutting speed and work material.
